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Actually, the requirement for federally-funded hospitals to treat people, including the poor and indigent, goes back to 1945 with the Hill-Burton Act. In the 1970s, there were amendments that strengthened the requirements. Since most hospitals accept Medicare and Medicaid funding, this meant that almost all hospitals in the US must accept patients regardless of race, creed, national origin or ability to pay....Ronald Reagan signed a law, I think in 1986 or 1987, which was bipartisanly passed in Congress, which MANDATED that hospitals must offer emergency treatment to people who need it and may be badly harmed or killed without that care, even if they are uninsured.
Facilities that received funding were also required to provide a ‘reasonable volume’ of free care each year for those residents in the facility’s area who needed care but could not afford to pay. Hospitals were initially required to provide uncompensated care for 20 years after receiving funding. The federal money was also only provided in cases where the state and local municipality were willing and able to match the federal grant or loan, so that the federal portion only accounted for one third of the total construction or renovation cost.
The law that you're thinking of that was passed in 1986 was the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (commonly called EMTALA). This law was passed to prevent "patient-dumping". Prior to this law, hospitals were able to ask patients about their insurance. If you were uninsured or did not have an insurance that the hospital accepted (or in some extreme cases, if you had Medicaid), some hospitals would send patients to other hospitals like county or public hospitals before they assessed the patient and determined whether the patient needed emergency treatment.
EMTALA requires that if you arrive in an emergency room, the emergency room is required to accept you, assess you and stabilize you before they ask about your ability to pay.
What the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA, aka Obamacare) sought to do was mandate that all Americans have health insurance, either from private insurance or from Medicaid) so that hospitals receive at least partial payment for care that they are legally required to provide to patients.
And yes, the ideas that became RomneyCare and ObamaCare were originally Republican proposals.


















