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In a proportional voting system, you can vote for minor parties and they can enter parliament.
In a first past and post system, those parties can only get in through safe seats.
Useful for forums like the congress.
For leadership votes in either system, if there are multiple candidates from the same side of the political divide, they will divide their voters. Think mayoral elections: if a single conservative candidate faces three liberal candidates of various flavours, the liberal vote is split and the conservative candidate can win with as little as 26% of the vote.
Presidential elections with multiple candidates would be no different, even in a proportional system.
But if voting is by party, that's not going to happen: if there are x seats, and v voters, then it effectively takes v/x votes to get a seat. The only way to have a fractional situation, then, is at the edges, where the total votes left for a party are less than v/x.
For presidential elections, the electoral college isn't going away, but for the House it could be done as above, within state delegations. In fact, it would arguably be constitutional for states to band together and let their fractional votes pool to decide those outcomes.


























